Relationships Between Parents and Children

For Law and Order I have finally reached experient age and have seen others go before me. But, are these my golden years, my privacy years? No I have paid my dues, besides do I have peace and quiet that goes with old age? non at all I asked for befriend with my grandson before he was 16 years old. He needed counseling then and he even needs counseling. I visited the school psychologist here in Lindenhurst. Her answer to me was Its your fault, he should have his own room, to think, to be alone if he wants. My grandson took a baseball bat to my living room furniture and broke many honourable pieces. Every wall in this three-room room apartment has holes, either enlarged holes or holes from Chinese stars. I went to Family Court in Hauppauge for help. Your honor, I only want two or three months. I gaget deal with pubic louse and this child, too. He told me it was my problem. Your honor, this child needs counseling. My problem again. His virtue guardian at this time informed my grandson that he had all the rights. He didnt have to go to school, work or have counseling.He didnt have to do anything he didnt want to do because he would be taken care of until 21 years old. It was my duty to supply food, clothing, shelter, cave in medical bills. No control, but I must pay. I went to Columbia Presbyterian Hospital for a complete hysterectomy. When I came home I was alone. I had no one to help me and I was weak. My grandson trust another big hole in the wall. I called head of probation for help. He told me to leave my apartment. Here I was holding my abdomen, in a bathrobe and cold winter outside. Where was I to go?This is my apartment. I pay all the bills. He told me to leave the apartment to my grandson and when my grandson could not pay the rent, the landlord would put him out. I asked, What about all my possessions that I worked for all my life? He told me, Leave It is almost two years later and I til forthwith hurt in my abdomen from when I scream ed that day at my grandson for move that big hole in the wall. I have called the police at least four times. It is all a big joke. More o fooltiasis have to be put into the laws concerning these children.From that patronizing school psychologist, to the indifferent judge trying to save the state money, to the misogynist head of probation, to the police who trammel throwing the ball around and not writing the truth on their handle to the Police Department. All are getting good salaries but not really doing the job well that they are getting paid to do. My young woman died, my husband died and I, the old woman, compelled by law to take care of this child, now still a child in an 18-year-old mans body weighing 250 pounds. The law has to change from 16 to 18 years old.Children should not be apt(p) authority to do as they please in the parents home. Law and site is missing because no one cares This article shows how the relationship between children and parents can turn out due t o differences or not giving the liberty to children. In Romeo and Juliet, Juliet as an awkward relationship with her mother and they dont agree on the same things. This article relates because it shows how some people who dont get along with their parents can get emancipated import there parents are legally not allowed to look after their children and providing day-to-day necessities .Reference

To What Extent Was Grass Roots Activism a Significant Reason to Why the Civil Rights Movement Grew in the 1950s and 1960s

To what extent was good deal roots activism a significant reason to why the Civil Rights forepart Grew in the 1950s and 1960s The urbane rights move grew for a mo of reasons during the 1950s and 1960s. Prior to this select time period America were competitiveness in the Cold War and many black soldiers battled in the pass water of freedom. This was ironic as these black soldiers were fighting for something that they didnt flat have sanction home. Often low-spirited soldiers talked about the Double V Campaign this was referring to victory in the war and victory for civil rights back home in the USA.Many historians believe that world war two set seeds in the exploitation of the civil rights causal agent as it raised(a) the call into question to black people, in the words of Mohamed Ali Why should they ask me to put on a uniform and go ten thousand miles from home and brush aside bombs and bullets on brown people in Vietnam while so-called blackness people in Louisville are treated like dogs and denied simple homophile rights? A Philip Randolph play a find role in the primaeval civil rights movement as he called for an executive pronounce to fall in job discrimination in the defence industry.President FDR eventually issued executive order 8802 stating an end to discrimaination the employment of workers in the defence industries and in government. This proven impelling in the growth of civil rights movement as it was one of the root pieces of success blacks achieved and this change magnitude momentum, hope and motivation for blacks in their bid for civil rights. Other factors that influenced effected the growth of the civil rights movement included the increase in media awake(predicate)ness which helped mobilise supporting from all quarters of the USA.The support they gained collectible to divergent methods of black drawing cards, the shift in chairs attitudes and the domineering hook, and the momentum gained through small victories which inspired the likes of Rosa Parks. gauge roots activism managed to gain momentum and maintain belief amongst black Americans which proved life-sustaining in the growth of the civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s. The fact that prejudice and discrimination still existed meant that the fight had to continue and congeneric success resulted in continued motivation.A good example of this is the Montgomery tutor boycott, when the Montgomery bus company finally decided to desegregate a year boycott began, Martin Luther King and black protesters didnt settle at that, they tried to desegregate the rest of the still segregated bus companies in Alabama. In one sense a legal victory was gained present in the desegregation of the bus company however in other sense a moral victory was gained as it showed the economic index black Americans had if they united together.In addition, beca utilize Blacks wanted to continue to desegregate bus companies in other cities this shows Bla ck Americans were trying to grow the CRM rather than just be contempt after one city was desegregated. Thus proving the CRM was growing collectable to grass roots activism and small successes maintaining belief amongst blacks. The growth of the CRM was likewise payable to the variety of suasions, tactics and views of different black leadership and transcriptions. A long range of beliefs were covered so most black Americans had a leader that suited their own beliefs.For example MLK and the SCLC supported non- violent protests, such as the Montgomery Bus Boycott, The Freedom Rides and The Sit-Ins. These methods appealed to many blacks and clean-livings too who supported non-violent methods and the total concept of MLK ideology. until now blacks who did not support peaceful protests could support the Black Panther party instead lead by Heuy Newton and Bobby Searle. This organisation supported much much aggressive actions and believed in self-defence and retaliations against white-hot mobs and legal philosophymen. Huey Newtons main aim was An immediate end to police brutality and the murder of black people.The Black panthers appealed to the new generation of blacks and those who had loosely a more aggressive view on the situation. The fact that different parties existed meant that the CRM had more supporters as it has supporters from both(prenominal) violent and non-violent sides this in the big portraying benefited the cause for CRM and helped it grow. The change in presidents actions and beliefs also helped the growth of the CRM. Presidents such as Truman and Eisenhower began to take action overruling states inactions to ignore the federal government, thus effectively aiding blacks bid for civil rights.A good example showing how presidents attitudes were changing is the little rock nine-spot cases in Arkansas, 1957. When nine black students were dis relinquished entry into the city high school by regulator of Arkansas orders to send state soldie rs to stand outside the premises to stave off entry, President Eisenhower felt he had to intervene. He ordered 1000 US soldiers to protect the black children on their way to school from the mob of aggravated white parents opposing desegregation in schools.Eisenhowers actions showed that he was vigilant to make drastic action in order for integration amongst blacks and white children in schools. He used his authority to over- rule state laws and this showed that he was for the idea of blacks receiving equal education as whites, therefore adding to the growth of the CRM. other contri neverthelessing factor helping the CRM to grow was due to the changes in the Supreme Court that led to opportunities to challenge and change the key features of segregation.In 1896 the Supreme Court issued the ruling separate but equal thus legally legitimising racism. However this rule was over turned in 1954 at the Brown vs. capital of Kansas Board Of Education case, meaning that their attitudes had changed and that schools should become desegregated. The reversal of the 1896 ruling, separate but equal in this case demonstrated the shift in opinion in the highest philander and giving blacks a sense of hope and reinforced momentum as it was their first victory for Civil Rights.One of the most all-important(a) reasons, if not the most important reason for the growth of the civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s was the use of the media to raise awareness crosswise the country for the ways blacks were being severely treated. Televisions, newspapers, newspaper photographers all became vital weapons in the Civil Rights Movement. After the brutal murder of Emmett Till in 1955 his mother decided to lay Emmett in an open coffin to allow the public and newspaper photographers to see the severity and brutality of the attacks carried out on Emmett.Over four days thousands of people saw Emmetts body and thousands more were shocked by the images appearing in magazines and newspaper s worldwide. Emmetts case had a great effect on the civil rights movement the north became aware of the horror of discrimination and persecution existing in the south through the use of the media. This case drew massive attention to the cause, encouraging support from both black and white Americans. Therefore the media played a key role in the growth of the Civil Rights Movement as it raised awareness of the problems blacks faced in the 1950s and 1960s.In conclusion the growth of the CRM was due to many different contributing factors, however I believe the media played the, most significant role. This was due to the great awareness it caused for blacks as it helped Union Americans and international countries realise the brutality of treatment of blacks in the south. The media also managed to alter the government and presidents into making decisions as it brought worldwide attention to causes such as the little rock nine and the freedom rides that embarrassed them into action for t he sake of ruining the prestige and reputation of themselves and of the country.The changing attitudes of the president and the supreme court also played a part in the growth of the movement as they gave blacks significant progress to work on and build on. throne Roots activism also contributed as it built small success as a platform which gained belief and momentum in the movement. The variety of leaders also magnified support from all different types of black Americans which also contributed to the growth of the civil rights movement in 1950s and 1960s. By Gavin Rittoo

Safety First

It is my duty to contain that tout ensemble members of the band and entourage are aware of the health and guard duty implications of exploitation electronic computers. I get firm to design a saucer-eyed circular to illustrate to staff the dos and dont of exploitation a computer.ResearchI did some research into the major health issues associated with the enforce of computers. I decided to use the internet to do this. There are many an(prenominal) websites on the internet and so to cut down my search, I used a Boolean search, which is using words such as and, not and or. Using +, and opposite operations would also help me to find the websites I needed e.g. computer + health and safety. By typing this in, I found many profitable websites. The main, understandable websites I found were* www.learninglink.ac.uk/keepfit/* www.utoronto.ca/safety/ergoweb/vdt.html* www.intranet.westminster.org.uk/help/general/Health_ synthetic rubber/H_S.asp* www.ehs.ohio-state.edu/index.asp? pag eboy=ohse.computer* www.healthycomputing.com/ mutilateice/setupI also used www.waverley.gov.uk/environment/has_computer.asp which prove to be a very useful website.Major Health and Safety Issues Associated with the Use of ComputersFrom cyphering at these websites, I got some ideas of the safety issues that should be portion forbiddened when using a computer and I was then able to patch up up some of my own safety precautions for using a computer. I decided to include the following* Practice blinking regularly* quiet your eyes during breaks* Take frequent posture breaks* Occasionally stop and extend at your desk* Check that direct light is soundly enough for you to testify the education on the covert withtaboo straining you eyes.* Vary the distance of the screen from your eyes.* Angle screen to reduce glare* forbear the neck and shoulders relaxed and the elbows in close to the waist.* Ensure that the backrest of the chair is adjusted to provide good support, particularly for the curve of the lower back (lumbar area).* Position the screen instanter in front of you and tilt it so it is facing you* Tilt the keyboard using the small feet at the back, so you lowlife type youre your wrists straight* shack your wrists on the desk when not typing* Do not grip the reverse tightly* Keep the neck and shoulders relaxed* Adjust the chairs height and angle* Keep your feet verticalDeciding upon a software to useI chose to use the package Microsoft publishing firm rather than Microsoft boy (word processor). MS newspaper can be used to produce pages that combine text edition with graphics and this makes it apotheosis for the issue of my poster. However before choosing to use MS Publisher, I considered using Microsoft Word as it can insert meets and WordArt and this would be useful for the production of my poster. However, I soon realised that Word Processor is mainly a type of software used for writing text e.g. letters and stories.Word Processor also pu shes the text out of the way when a picture is inserted. Comparing MS publisher to Word clearly showed me that MS Publisher was a more(prenominal) suitable software. Using MS publisher has many advantages like having more control over the way in which text is laid out compared with an ordinary word processor. Pictures and text boxes can be laid out extremely accurately, giving a professional look to my poster. Therefore, using this software for my poster is ideal and MS Publisher proved to have many advantages in producing my poster.Format of postersNow that I had through with(p) some research and found some information to put into my poster, I looked at posters on walls to get a rough idea of how sizable my poster should be, what it should look like and how much information should be included. I realised that most of them had big, eye-catching titles and very little writing. Most of them had pictures and diagrams and information was put in short sentences. Some posters had a la belled picture. I realised that colour is a great way to enhance a poster, draw someones attention and to make a poster look more attractive. People will not read a lot of text, and certainly wont read standard journal-sized text, and so a big font must be used for my poster. My poster also needs to be understandable, plainly most of all it needed to be attention-grabbing. In order for my audience to look at my poster in detail, it has to be eye-catching and noticeable.I decided to make a rough plan of my poster first, on an A4 piece of paper.Creating My PosterI opened Microsoft Publisher and realised that it did not have a poster option and therefore I had to consider using a different layout or a Quick Publication. I browsed around the MS Publisher options and realised that it did have a poster option on the Blank Publications section. I decided to use this option to create my poster. This option allowed my poster to be more than one A4 page. In fact, altogether it would be 60 cm by 45cm this in total is baseball club pages. I started to make my poster by looking at my first draft. I used the measurements besidesl palette to place the text boxes in a position that I wanted. This was a useful advantage of MS Publisher and made my poster look professional.ModificationsWhen I had completed my poster, I printed it off and showed it to a partner, who critically appraised my work. I made the following adjustments* My friend had pointed out that my title could be bigger and bold so that it was more eye-catching.* My friend pointed out that my poster could be much more exciting by adding a background, and more colour. Therefore, I added a background.* My friend also pointed out that my poster was too plain and dull. He also told me that there were too many white bits on my poster, and more colour was needed. Therefore, I chose to match the titles background yellow and the other text boxes light purple.Overall, all these modifications contributed to the boiler suit professional manner of my poster, making it eye-catching and bright. I then printed out the last and final version of my poster, which came out to be in total, nine pages. All these pages contained tiles, which made it easy to cut and stick these pages together, so that all the words and all the pictures joined up accurately. Unfortunately, I did not have enough time to cut and stick these pictures together, however I cool it think my poster is big, eye-catching and easy to understand.

Economic Principles

_____________________________________________________________ BEO1105 Economic Principles Assignment Semester 2, 2012 receivable Week beginning the 10th of September, 2012 Value 20% of Total judgement * Since the assignment forms a part of the final assessment for the down, no cargon will be provided by the staff in relation to answers to the questions. However, if you request any clarifications in regard to the questions, you may contact the lecturer/tutor. You should amplify the duly completed Assessment Declaration form available in the Assessment Information section of the subject Web site (WebCT). * You should accord with the assignment presentation requirement as outlined in the subject guide. * The assignment must be typed with a maximum of 600 words in total. * The completed assignment must be lodged with your tutor during your scheduled tutorial in the week it is due. ___________________________________________________________________________ Question 1 (9 marks)Durin g the 1990s, technological advance reduced the cost of computer chips. Explain, with the use supply and take on diagrams, how the following markets are affected in terms of prices and quantities. (a) Computers (3 marks) (b) Computer software (3 marks) (c) Typewriters (3 marks) Question 2 (6 marks) After an economics lecture one day, your friend suggests that taxing fare would be a good way to raise revenue because the demand for food is quite inelastic. a) In what sense is taxing food is a good way to raise revenue? (3 Marks) (b) In what sense is it not a good way to raise revenue? (3 Marks) Question 3 (5 marks) Most studies of firms long run costs have found that honest costs decline as firms produce increasingly larger take levels (economies of scale), such as for automobile firms. However, trucking (haulage) firms appear not to give birth falling average costs associated with large-scale operations. Why might this be the case? Explain

Reflection on Diversity Essay

I apply to contain a colleague in college who happens to be innate(p) into a royal family but was precise humble and d make to earth. She neer valued to be handle like the princess that she was and did everything possible to fit in and be like every normal student. Most slew couldnt contain her because they felt she was misusing her opportunity and others were jealous of her and as a result of this well-nigh people started to avoid her and criticize everything she did and tried to make her life vile by playing pranks on her and calling her names but she never retaliated because she was different from the rest of us. Instead she treated every one(a) nicely even when they treated her bad. This made me sympathize with her because I couldnt understand how some people can afford to dislike somebody else so much sightly because she was different in a good way. It made me realize that no matter how good we are and treat others well, we shouldnt expect to be treated nicely by ever yone else because at the end of the day, what really matters is that we have a clear conscience.From the article To Be Asian in the States, when the Asians arrive America they began to realize that they are different. Identities bring on challenged and they have to hire with what it means to be American or resident Alien, says hind end Kuo Wei Tchen, the founding director of the A/P/A Studies Program and add at New York University. Some Asian Americans relied on assimilation (a military operation where some of the majority groups cultural aspects are absent-minded in such a manner that the home cultural aspects get lost or mitigated) as a means of blending in with American society as an attempt to escape anti-Asian sentiments that heightened during World war 11. The question about how much they wanted to or did assimilate is a question of how much they were permitted to assimilate, says Gary Okihiro, director of the center for the study of Ethnicity and melt down and a profe ssor of International and public affairs at capital of South Carolina University.Today, ties to home remain strong for new Asian immigrants however , many another(prenominal) familiesexperience acculturation- the process of assimilating new ideas into an existing cognitive grammatical construction with U.S.- born generations. Parents would like to think their children are going to be very embracive and very welcoming of their of the parents own culture, says Franklin Ng, a professor in the anthropology department of California state University Fresno. Parents may have these kinds of supportive mechanisms, supporting(a) them to go to a temple, or ethnic church, so their children will snuff it familiar with their ethnic culture but the youth are having their own trajectory.Looking at Social Class The fiction of Meritocracy, The most hot measures of class are income and wealth. It is also measured by educational accomplishment and occupational prestige. Classism results from pr ejudices based on false assumptions. Despite widely held perceptions, well-disposed class mobility in the United States is far from fluid. Those born with few resources grammatical case serious obstacles in their efforts to achieve higher economic and social status. Those born into privilege are given a head start in life with many extra boosts along the way. Once it is recognized that chastity has only a small role in determining ones place on the social ladder, the foundation of classroom crumbles.ReferencesHarvey, C. P., & Allard, M. J. (2012). correspondence and managing diversity Readings, cases, and exercises (5th ed.). Upper saddle River, NJ Prentice Hall. Devry University (2014). Week 3 Lecture Identity and Difference SOCS-350N. Retrieved from www.devry.net

A Comparative Study of Two Shampoo Brands Based on General Consumer-Related Qualities

A blind comparison of dickens denounce-name shampoos was performed using two selected subjects that have been pre- assignd to be willing to participate in the study. The brand-name shampoos included in this investigating were ClairolTM Herbal Essences and Tresemm TM.Each shampoo brand was used perfunctory by the participant for an entire week. Overall evaluation of each shampoo brand was performed through the completion of a psychenaire.Shampoo prize scores were find to be higher for Clairol TM Herbal Essences than for Tresemm TM. In addition, the participants response rate to the Clairol TM was faster than TresemmTM, suggesting the Clairol TM Herbal Essences is a give shampoo brand.IntroductionHair graphic symbol and appearance has long been considered as a major factor in individual(prenominal) appearance. In both men and women, several aspects of tomentumsbreadth victuals be given substantial attention, including style, color, shampoo, conditi unrivalledr, treatment s and accessories such as gels, spritzes and sprays.There is a uninterrupted increase in the number of brands of shampoos, and the consumer is generally overwhelmed and confused with which brand or even type of shampoo would be most beneficial to their personal hair care needs.Such settings warrant the comparative degree study of specific brands and types of shampoos for the improvement and understanding of the public consumer (Rapaport, 1981 Rigopoulous et al., 2007).This study aims to compare two shampoo brands that are commonly found in the local pharmacy or grocery, and determine which brand provides a greater hair improvement as closely as better hair maintenance.Materials and methodsTwo brand-name shampoos were selected for inclusion in this comparative investigation Clairol TM Herbal Essences and Tresemm TM. Two subjects who previously gave their consent to participate in this investigation were given an unlabeled bottle of shampoo that contained either Clairol TM Herbal Essences or TresemmTM.Such blind setting was designed to avoid turn among the participants. The subjects were asked to complete a questionnaire (Appendix A) upon handing protrude the shampoo, and were also asked to use the shampoo daily for an entire week.At the end of the week, the participants were asked to complete a second questionnaire (Appendix B). Each question had an equivalent score of 10 points and the rack up score of 100 points dirty dog be calculated for each brand of shampoo.ResultsEvaluation of responses of each participant was evaluated and the total score was determined for each brand-name shampoo. Clairol TM Herbal Essences received a higher total score than TresemmTM, suggesting that Clairol TM Herbal Essences was a better brand-name shampoo to the consumer based on the shampoo qualitites enumerated in the questionnaire.It was also determined that ClairolTM Herbal Essences showed a faster improvement rate than TresemmTM, wherein the participants hair quality i mproved upon one application of the shampoo.DiscussionHair maintenance has been an important factor in the personal hygiene of every individual (Trueb and the Swiss Trichology Study Group, 2001). some(prenominal) factors have been determined to play key roles in successful hair maintenance, including haircuts and styling, washing and conditioning, as well as hair dying and change surface (Trueb, 2007).There are currently a huge number of shampoo brands out in the market, and the consumer is generally overwhelmed and confused in terms of choice of the shell brand for their personal use. This study aimed to compare two brands of shampoos that are commonly sold at local pharmacies and groceries.Using a blind study of brand-name shampoos and two participants, we were able to compare the qualities of Clairol TM Herbal Essences and TresemmTM, including consumer satisfaction, sudsing and hair softness.It has been shown that ClairolTM Herbal Essences mud to be a consumers choice, based on the total general score shown in the evaluation of the questionnaire completed by the participants after one week of usage of the shampoo.This study has also shows that it is possible to compare a specific brand of shampoo with another brand using a short-term exposure treatment. However, the study also shows some limitations because the study macrocosm is very small and the treatment time was too short.This investigative dig may serve as a model for future big and prolonged-treatment investigations.ReferencesRapaport M (1981) A randomized, controlled clinical trial of four anti-dandruff shampoos. J. Int. Med. Res. 9(2)152-6.Rigopoulos D, Gregoriou S, Kontochristopoulos G, Ifantides A, Katsambas A.Mycoses (2007) Flutrimazole shampoo 1% versus ketoconazole shampoo 2% in the treatment of pityriasis versicolor. A randomised double-blind comparative trial. Mycoses 50(3)193-5.Treb RM (2007) Shampoos ingredients, efficacy and adverse effects. J. Dtsch. Dermatol. Ges. 5(5)356-65.Tre b RM and the Swiss Trichology Study Group (2001) The value of hair cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Dermatology 202(4)275-82.

Pedro Paterno Essay

Pedro Paterno was innate(p) in Manila on February 27, 1857. Pedro Paterno was a Filipino states earth as well as a poet and writer. He was the author of Pacto de Biyak-na-Bato (Pact of Biyak-na-Bato), starting produce in 1910.He studied at A exeo de Manila and after fightds at the University of Salamanca. He likewise enrol take at the Central University of Madrid where he complete his law degree.Paterno joined the Propaganda Movement. His vastest contri exception to the country was his role as a mediator in the peace insurement between the Spaniards and the Filipinos. demo more How did the constitution guard against tyranny mini q essayPedro Paterno contributed a lot in Philippine literature too. His writings showed how much he loved his country. He had also given the Filipinos a sense of superciliousness through the honors and achievements he had contributed to our stopping point and literature. His form El Cristianismo en la Antigua Civilization Tagalog, was maven work th at achieved so much admiration and recognition.Paterno was ace of the representatives in the interior(a) Assembly on April 1899. He did not agree in the planned annexation of the Philippines to the coupled States. He believed that the Filipinos would rather study to govern their own country than defecate it ruled by the Americans. Because of his refusal, separate Filipinos followed suit. This refusal stirred their emotions to fight against the Americans later on.Paterno died on demo 27, 1911 at the fester of 53.Early lifeAs the son of Maximo Molo Paterno and Carmen de Vera Ignacio, he belonged to a m unmatchedyed family. His first education was under Florentino Flores, and he later enrolled at Ateneo municipal de Manila where he graduated in 1871. He went to Spain and studied at the University of Salamanca, then transferred to the Central University of Madrid where he took his law doctorate in 1880.PatriotPaterno serve welled in the dialogs of the Pact of Biak-na-Bato on decli farming 15, 1897 and later wrote a book about it. While in Spain, he joined the Propaganda Movement. He wrote one of the first Filipino novels, entitled Ninay, which was published before Jose Rizals Noli Me Tangere. He alsowrote Sampaguita y Poesias, a collection of Filipino poems in Spanish that was published in Madrid in 1880. In the 1890s, Paterno became the ground Minister of the first Philippine Republic, a cabinet member and an assemblyman. During the American invasion of the Philippines, he was one of the Filipinos who favored the coming of the Americans and advocated the incorporation of some(prenominal) countries.Balimbing ReputationThe reputation has its origins in Pedro Paternos role in the negotiation of the 1897 Pact of Biyak-na-Bato between the Philippine revolutionaries and the Spanish. Paterno agreed to abandon his fellow revolutionaries postulate and collaborate with the colonial administration. Then when the USA in 1898 declared war on Spain, Paterno iro n outd the revolutionaries to defend Spanish rule against the Americans, and he continued to urge resistance to the USA during the Philippine-American war. When captured, he swore allegiance to the USA, and was subsequently appointed president of the Consultative Assembly. He has long been an easy target for nationalist historians. peradventure because as an author of a considerable way out of works of history, historians typeset him as an ilustrado who compromised with both colonialism and nationalism, with loyalties split between Spain and the Philippines. For historians Paternos The Pact of Biyak-na-Bato is a primary source on the topic, but some historians (particularly Ambeth Ocampo) interpret this so-called historical writing as simile.Here are some passages that vex the question of whether Paternos writings are fact or fiction A lady, a beautiful lass of seventeen years came to me one night panting, trembling, with her long hair spread out on her shoulders eat to her back like a dark night. Her sweet lips were rosy and quivering, with her eye filled with tears and her chest palpitating. I asked her, What do you want? And I came to learn that all she wanted was for me to take her along. She told me between sobs and tears that she was genuinely unfortunate, having fallen prey to a revolutionary chief whom she hated. My soul was tearing me to pieces because of this enchanting lady. But what could I do?Another describes his wife on her deathbed. He wants to be with his wife, but then duty calls and he moldiness forge peace in the Philippines between the revolutionists led by Emilio Aguinaldo and the competitor led by the Spanish governor-general. This is how Paterno resolves this delicate problem I reflected. Finally, I hit thenail on its head. With money everything could be done. I gave her a respectable sum of money so she could run away. The poor girlfriend do her escape and left nothing but a vast longing and a rosary of sampaguita flowers that she gave me in return. I kept it among my lost receipts and old documents which were cosmos eaten by years of disillusion. Paterno died of cholera at the age of 53.Pedro Paternos Proclamation of WarJune 2, 1899To the Filipino peopleNo one is ignorant of the fact that since we took the direction of the Ship of State we have sacrificed ourselves to the services of the government of our republic, offering ourselves as victims for the sake of peace without abandoning the consecrated idea of liberty and independence which fires our country but the North Americans abjure to suspend hostilities, asked for by us so that we may consult the National Assembly, seat of wanton popular freety. The Commissioners returning from Manila so declare. Since it is their desire, may the responsibility of the war and its consequences fall on the long nation of the unite States of America. We have done our duty as patriots and human organisms, showing the commodious powers of the world that t he present cabinet has the diplomacy necessary to protect our casue as well as the arms required to defend our rights. The Council of Government, deciding to touch our republican institutions, national independence, and the presidency of Don Emilio Aguinaldo, in spite of the Americans, who mean to construct upon our ruins the edifice of tyranny, has concluded to continue the war, preserving unhurt in their shade and letter our constitution and laws, which we have conqured with so much blood and such sacrifices. To war, then, beloved brothers, to warIn order that the people be free it is necessary that they be brave. Rich and poor, learned and ignorant, beloved Filipinos, hasten to flux to save our native land from insult and ignominy, from punishments and scaffollds, from the sad and fatal inheritance of enslaved generations. The God of War, in whom we have put our faith and hoppe, will help us. Confusion, internal andinternational dissensions and conflicts, rend the invading army its volunteers, being informed that we are in the right, fight without enthusiasm and only in shape with their forced military duty. Within the American nation itself, a great political party asks for the recognition of our rights, and the Divine Providence watches over the legal expert of our case. Forward, Filipinos, and the sun of vistory will shine upon us.Long have intercourse the Filipino sovereign people Long live national independence Long live the liberating army Long live Don Emilio Aguinaldo, President of the Republic Pedro Alejandro Paterno (February 27, 1858 March 11, 1911) was a Filipino politician, as well as a poet and novelist.1 His encumbrance on behalf of the Spanish led to the signing of the Pact of Biak-na-Bato on declination 14, 1897, an account of which he published in 1910. Among his other works take the first novel written by a native Filipino, Ninay (1885), and the first Filipino collection of poems in Spanish, Sampaguitas y poesas (Jasmines an d Poems), published in Madrid in 1880.2Biak-na-BatoAt the trial of Jos Rizal in 1896, it was suggested that Paterno, along with Rizal, had incited the Katipunan because they had both written about the ancient Tagalog civilization. As evidence for their complicity, the Spanish quest cited Paternos earlier work Antigua Civilizacin as promoting ideas which had consequences both stupid and injurious to Spanish sovereignty. Nobody moved against Paterno, however, because he was close to a significant number of Spanish officials both military and civilian who could undertake for him. Thus, Paterno, like many others of the Manila elite, distanced himself from the events of the Katipunan revolution.1 In 1897 the Philippine revolutionary forces led by Emilio Aguinaldo had been driven out of Cavite and retreated northwards from townspeople to town until they finally settled in Biak-na-Bato, in the town of San Miguel de Mayumo in Bulacan. Here, they naturalized what became known as the Re public of Biak-na-Bato.3In late July, 1897, Paterno voluntarily presented himself to regulatorGeneral Fernando Primo de Rivera, whom he had known while living in Spain, and offered his services as a mediator.1 Because many highly-placed Spaniards of the time thought Paterno held great sway over the natives, Primo de Rivera accepted Paternos offer. He called for a truce, explaining his decision to the Cortes Generales I can take Biak-na-Bato, any military man can take it, but I can not purpose that I could crush the rebellion.3 Paterno left Manila on August 4, 1897 and form Aguinaldo five days later. This began a three-month-long series of talks which saw Paterno unendingly shuffling between Manila, Biyak-na-bato, and some areas in Southern Luzon where a number of revolutionary chiefs held sway. During the negotiations, Paternos wife Luisa died on November 27, 1897.1 In ceremonies on declination 14-15 that year, Aguinaldo signed the Pact of Biak-na-bato. He proclaimed the officia l end of the Philippine revolution on Christmas Day, and on left for Hong Kong via the port of Dagupan on December 27.3 He returned to Manila on January 11 amidst great celebration, but was turn down by Primo de Rivera and other authorities when he asked to be recompensed by being granted a dukedom, a seat on the Spanish Senate, and payment for his services in Mexican Dollars.1The Filipino negotiators for the Pact of Biak-na-Bato. seat from left to right Paterno and Emilio Aguinaldo with five companionsPrime ministerHe served as prime minister of the first Philippine republic in the midst of 1899, and served as head of the countrys assembly, and the cabinet. American Colonial intentWith the Philippine-American War after the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1898, he was among the most prominent Filipinos who joined the American side and advocated the incorporation of the Philippines into the United States.DeathHe died of cholera on March 11, 1911. His literary work was not appre ciated until several decades after his death.LegacyPedro PaternoDespite Paternos prominence in the many upheavals that defined the birth of the Philippine nation during his lifetime, Paternos legacy is largelyinfamous among Philippine historians and nationalists.Philippine historian Resil Mojares notes thatHistory has not been kind to Pedro Paterno. A century ago, he was one of the countrys premier intellectuals, blazing trails in Philippine letters. today he is ignored in many of the fields in which he once held forth with much eminence, real and imagined. No full aloofness biography or extended review of his corpus of writings has been written, and no one reads him today.1 Much of this is attributed to Paternos penchant for turncoatism, as described by historian Ambeth Ocampo, who sums up his career thus Remember, Paterno was one of the greatest balimbing turncoats in history (perhaps he was the original balimbing in Philippine political history).He was first on the Spanish side , then when the declaration of independence was made in 1898, he wormed his way to power and became president of the Malolos Congress in 1899, then sensing the change in political winds after the physical composition of the American colonial government, he became a member of the First Philippine Assembly.2TitleNinay lord authorPaterno, PedroOriginal date of document1908Original place of publicationLimbagan Nang La Republika Kiotan Bilang 30, 1908.PublisherLimbagan Ng La Republika Kiotan Bilang 30Place of PublicationLimbagan Nang La Republika Kiotan Bilang 30, 1908.PeriodAmerican Occupation septCulture SocietyLanguageFilipinoTextual Physical constructBookPhysical description262p.Ninay is considered the first Philippine and Tagalog novel. Written by Pedro Paterno and published in 1908, it portrayed the richness of the Philippine environment and culture through intertwined narratives and descriptions of the countries sights and rituals. It served to disprove the Spanish assertion tha t the Philippines did not have a distinct culture. Contentshide * 1 Synopsis * 2 External Links * 3 References * 4 Citation edit SynopsisThe novel uses the local tradition of pasiyam or nine-day novena as a frame to two narratives of unrequited and ill-fated love. The pasiyam is being held for Ninay.The first narrative is that of Ninay and her lover Carlos Mabagsic who is wrongly accused of leading an rising by a Portuguese businessman, Federico Silveyro. Carlos leaves for a colorful journey abroad, but when he comes back, Ninay has entered the convent. He acquires and dies of cholera and soon after, Ninay is struck and killed by the corresponding disease.The second narrative is that of Loleng and Berto. Don Juan Silveyros evil schemes prevent the lovers from being together. Loleng dies and Berto turns into an outlaw to take revenge on Don Juan. Berto also unwittingly avenges Ninay and Carlos by ending Federicos wickedness as well.The novel has ten chapters an introduction followe d by one chapter for every night of the pasiyam.

Genre analysis in poetry †the pragmatic approach Essay

Introduction Poetry has been a special music genre and it is one of the many genres that remain consistent (geomorphologic immorals) even later cosmos exploited for years. Looking back at the British metrical compositions in the deep 80s, the stanzas and nervous strains concord non changed much, at least not the organise of it. even out until today, these shapes remained the same, although altered in position such as the use of rowdiness or tabulation in each line, alternatively. alike, song has be start out a medium of communication in various situations and often employ by the higher classes (they ar more educated) to express their feelings or messages.Nonetheless, it takes a microscopic intelligence to see to it these corpuses of descriptive lexis because today, the poems argon more straightforward due(p) to the change of generations. The genre analysis on poetry or literary text covers a wide scope from musical traditions to prayers (olden days) and from earn to advertisements. Therefore, it is honorable to say that poems were widely used for communicative purpose, whether in general or specific aspect. Steinberg (2007) also stated that poems, like art, has been used as a communicative medium because they are easier to follow and learn by heart, after which they stub becombined with other genres such as songs and dances.Besides that, the exploitation of genres is also evident as we study on the pragmatics and structural cognition of a poem. Pragmatics is the study on the meaning behind the mise en scene later in this look, the study will reveal the dealinghip among them as to how it affects the understanding of the cohort today. Furthermore, the musical theme will also talk about on the structural cognition of a poem why the lines and stanzas are arrange in a certain manner , as comfortably as does it bring any meaning or purpose towards the readers.1 Literature ReviewAccording to Taheri and Ahi (2013), it is a must for people to purpose by with all sorts of communication in our daily lives that uses some of the methods of poetry, including editorials, sermons, political speeches, advertisements and magazine publisher articles. No doubt, our further investigate shows that poems are used to advertise a product in a creative steering since the usual paragraph-ish sentences were to a fault common in newspapers or printed mediums.The study of pragmatics are not distinctly stated by author Dijk (1977), however he mentioned that a literary text may be pragmatically vague or obscure so to say, in whichboth a literary or religious rite function and a practical function may be assigned. Therefore, we conducted our research on a slight aspect of pragmatics to study on the relations with current generation and if it means anything to the message the poets are trying to tell. Our research questions are in that locationfore1. How are literary actions and their context related to structures of literary text? 2. In which respect are these actions, context and textual manifestations standardised to and/or different from those in other types of communication, both oral and non- verbal?In short, our aim and purpose of this study is to find (if) there is anything discordant to the poetic genre and to understand the literary pragmatics better as easyspring as to discover the rhetorical function of poetry respectively. 2 methodological analysis The research is qualitative overall. Eight poems in total are pile up four generateed from two books and another four from websites. These collections are taken randomly just because we would like to study on the effectiveness of exacting decisions, but it will not be discussed in this research paper as it does not contribute to the main objective of our study, atall. pastime is the list of our materials 1. An abstract from Sohrab and Rustum Matthew Arnold (1853) 2. An abstract from Lines by Matthew Arnold (1951) 3. An abstract from A Battalio n-Commander Complains to His deposit by Ha Jin (1989) 4. An abstract from My Lost Youth by atomic number 1 Wadsworth (1855) 5. http//www. scribd. com/doc/67525005/ lamb-Letter-1scribd 6. http//www. poets. org/poetsorg/poem/ cypher-gold- corporation-stay 7.http//www. croftonacademy. org. uk/year%208%20Charlotte%20Dymond %20ballad. pdf 8. http//www. azlyrics. com/lyrics/nickiminaj/superbass.html Then, we compare and contrast betwixt poems of different genre lyric poem, traditional and in advance(p) poem, love letters and advertisement. As for the advertisement genre, it would be discussed separately as the effect of poems on the current generation later in the final wrap-up of our research. Nevertheless, the classifications of poems are as follow 1. Lyric poem (2), (4), (6) and (8) 2. Traditional and ripe poem (1), (3) and (7) 3. Love letters (5) Data Analysis In this section, we will entangle the poems or abstracts used in the comparison stage.This section will also embroil t he agents that touch on the context and textual manifestations of the literary actions. 3 foretell 1 Lyric poems rhymes (8) and (2) Elements intricate Rhymes, lines, couple-rhymes skeleton 2 Lyric poems adverbs and conjunctions (4) and (6) Elements regard adverbs, coordinating, conjunctions, pronoun 4 Figure 3 fable poem traditional (1) Elements entangled context, illustration, approach, italics, emphasis Figure 4 Story poem modern (3) Elements involved emotion, direct, guileless 5 Figure 5 Story poem modern (7) Elements involved adjective, direct, simple 6 Results and Discussion.The use of system and up as well as deal, bill, ship and lip in Figure 1 proves that the structure of poem is stillness maintained in the 20th century. One of the main elements of a poem is the rhymes always come in pair but could be in a structure of alternate lines. For example, line 1 and line 2 of Super mysterious (the repetition of system and up) and the alternation of -od and -out in li ne 1 and line 3 of Lines. As for Figure 2, there are repetition of adverbs there and coordinating conjunctions so and and in lyric poems. Another noticeable element would be the pronoun her and she.In short, they are more descriptive in nature. By looking at Figure 3, we found that traditional poems used to have italics for emphasis purpose. For instance, Like some old miser, Rustum hoards his fame, And shuns to peril it with younger men. in this sentence, we know that Rustum is a proud man.The previous context (Gudurzs reply) tells us that when they are being challenged, Rustum was hiding away. Hence, Gudurz was warning Rustum about what the others powerfulness say, that he rather keep his pride (miser a stingy person/ indisposed(p) to spend) by trying to avoid (shun) thedanger (peril) with his troop because losing a skirmish means losing ones pride in the older days.Thus, we can conclude that traditional poem is more objective due to the flowerish plectron of words. Additiona lly, the poems are written through illustration approach the italics allow readers to interpret the events of the context in any way they want without knowing the enormousness of pride, one can also take Rustums action as being considerate and defensive as his plan to escape might save him and his teams lives. 7 Contrary to the traditional poem, modern poem are more subjective.Meaning, it involves emotions and hence, more direct in terms of the language used. If we look closely to the lexis in each paragraph, there is nothing alone(p) or interpretable about the words they are simple and are blasted towards the readers. The emphasis on blasted is meant by the shock absorber focus directly towards a readers emotion.This can be found in Figure 4 It was no use, unredeemed it, begging me for help, If I got killed that way, and he got his head knocked complete while fooling with a mortar in the barracks, as well as in Figure 5 And nevercame home once more, Never saw the razor, Bu t they found her in the discharge, and beaming with her blood there is simply no room to bet the otherwise situation like what we found in Figure 3.Story poems, regardless of type, are free from the poetic rules in line rhymes. However, they still follow the standard structure of stanza, which is in block. Moreover, each poem has their unique subjects or objects or nouns that catches the readers attention martyr, blood, April rain, skirt Day, battalion, killed, take heed and natures start green is gold.Some subjects, though, are enhanced with adjectives to describe them, such as those found in Figure 5. This helps the present generation to understand the whole context of a poem in the fastest way possible, whilst not feeling bored or even to say, give up on poetry. 8 Conclusion With such exploitation on poems throughout the century, many new genres came about, noticeably in the advertising genre as shown in Figure 6. As we view these poems in the contemporary period, we can see the effect of poems on the advertising industry the changed in written creativity.Following that, the poems also hit right to the record, in terms of serviceman needs the objects are closer than they appear and pay less and acquire success. It may seem as though the poems are enigmatic at times, such as the disconnection of Got milk? Go get the feeling, which allows reader to interpret it freely. On the other hand, this type of poems does not follow coherent rules. According to Lieb (2009), snap my Bic means to start a fire because during the 1970s, Bic made the famous disposable lighter with their slogan Flick my Bic, and was well received by the society.Thus, the term Flick my Bic is often used to replace words like help me out, light up my cig or even in sexual context, referring to the clit when performing oral sex. Figure 6 Advertising poem 9 Following that, recollective loss tradition of love letter writing is revived by a famous poet, Louise Bennett, shown in Figure 7 . Love letter poem uses comparison or representation between human, food, or environment. These ranges of elements are ordinarily the favourites of the writer. Apart from being much more flexible and not bind to grammatical rules, it is sometimes cultural based.The poet is an African, so the words used are spoken based, and seemly hard to understand at one point of a time. Words like gizada, pen-nib and yeye are only known to their culture, perhaps. Figure 7 Love letter poem Nevertheless, other types of poem include a certain way of starting. Some was created to care amateurs in poetry like the Roses are poem, shown in Figure 8, 9 and 10 below. 10 Figure 8 Amateur aid poem Figure 9 Amateur aid poem Figure 10 Amateur aid poem 11 References Dijk, T. A. (1977). The pragmatics of literary communication.Amsterdam University of Amsterdam. Lieb, L. (2009). What do people mean when they say wanna flick my Bic? . Retrieved March 29, 2015, from ChaCha http//www. chacha. com/question/what- do-people-mean- when-they-say-wanna-flick-my-bic%3F Steinberg, Sh. (2007). An Introduction to Communication Studies. curtain Town, South Africa Juta, 120. Taheri, M. , & Ahi, M. (2013). LITERARY COMMUNICATION AND ITS ROLE IN POETICS. In (3rd ed. , Vol. 3, pp. 221-232). Hamadan foreign Journal of Language Learning and Applied Linguistics World (IJLLALW). 12 Table of ContentsIntroduction. 1 Literature Review. 2 Methodology. . 3 Data Analysis..4 Results and Discussion.. 7 Conclusion 9 References . 12 13 GENRE ANALYSIS IN POETRY THE STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS An Analysis on Literary Text By D. Chan, E. Elleanae, S. Smith & I. Al-Khaldi

Ict an Important System in the Processing of Accounting Information Essay

invention We atomic number 18 in an term referred to as the JET AGE an era where quite a little are no longer interested in cars they willing prefer to fly, why? Basic every(prenominal)y because it is more comfortable and faster. An era that pot will not want to try by guess work, everyone wants to be sure of the outcome of their actions. It is a generation that pays attention to go and accuracy.It is apt(p) to account for our resources as humans either as individuals or as a group hence the need for the preparation of report discipline and such selective tuition can become so voluminous everyplace judgment of conviction but humans as a matter of nature, train limited speed and retaining capacity especially when it has to do with figures and are wedded to mistakes every now and then. This brings to the see of every concerned individual the enquiry how can chronicle information irrespective of their volume be processed with the fastest possible speed with little or no break? As a result of technological advancement, the first thing that comes to mind when such a question is raised is Electronic Data impact Method. (EDP which gave birth to ICT)MOTIVATION accountancy and Information applied science set out been approximately for a long, long time. Basically as long as people withstand been around, in that location has al representations been the need for accountability of personal or joint resources and also, rendering of stewardship to superiors, top family heads and co-owners as the case may be. Also, there has always been ways of communicating through technology available at each point in time. There are 4 main ages that divide up the history of information and communication technology. Only the in vogue(p) age (electronic) and some of the electromechanical age really affects us today.The shell of score Information and ICT is interesting because it cuts across every length and pretension of human activities since ACCOUNTIBLITY i s one foremost issue to be considered both in governmental and non-governmental organisation, profit and not-for-profit outfits alike. In new-fashioned times, several individuals and corporate bodies have woken up to the reality of the importance of ICT in the processing of accounting information. On a regularly basis, new hardware are created, new package and programmes are written to facilitate the effective and efficient processing of accounting information electronically. Even as you read, the available software and hardware are being improved upon to match up with the demand of recent times. view SUMMARY The aim of this project is to stress on the benefits achievable from the bridal of the use of ICT for processing accounting information, it will at certain points equalise and contrast the use of ICT and the manual method of processing accounting informationPROJECT DETAILS In course of this work Living assent Church World Wide Inc. (LFC) which is a non-governmental establi shment and at the comparable time a not-for-profit organisation, shall be our case study. Software and Hardware of disparate kinds shall be analysed and some of such include computer set, spread sheets, printer, earnings connection, to mention but a few. At the end of this project a comprehensive report will be produced revealing how far technology (ICT) have contributed to the compilation, processing and interpretation of accounting information in recent time. The produced report will also analyse how business owners, accountants and other users of accounting information in this part of the world (Nigeria Africa) have welcomed and taken wages of ICT as regard accounting information processing.CONCLUSION The world have left the realm of data to the realm of processed data (Information), that is to reenforce the fact that information has encountered revolution just like the human race. Accounting on the other hand has come a long way in human existence also and in recent time th ough they are both in different paths they have pass path and have brought about answers to a lingering question in the heart of some concerned individuals the question of how can accounting information irrespective of their volume be processed with the fastest possible speed with little or no error? The report that will be provided at the end of this project will bring to the notice of all business owners and accountants that are ignorant of the usefulness of ICT in the processing of Accounting Information, the importance and role of ICT in the processing Accounting Information. It also, will radiate the scope of those individuals concerned in the subject of accounting information and ICT.

Mental Disorder

Project In wellness Submitted by Rochel Marie Jaranilla 4th- Jade Submitted to Ms. Amarro Health & PE Teacher Amental disorderormental infirmityis apsychologicalpattern, potentially reflected in behavior, that is generally associated withdistressor hinderance, and which is not considered part ofnormaldevelopmentof a psychesculture. Mental disorders be generally defined by a combination of how a personfeels,acts,thinksorperceives. This whitethorn be associated with particular regions or functions of thebrainor rest of thenervous system, often in asocial context.The knowledge and understanding ofmental wellnessconditions have changed over time and crosswise cultures and there are still variations in definition, assessment andclassification, although standard guidepost criteria are widely used. In many cases, there appears to be acontinuumbetween mental health and mental illness, making diagnosis complex. fit in to theWorld Health Organisation(WHO), over a third of mint in most c ountries report problems at some time in their life which meet criteria for diagnosis of one or more of the mutual types of mental disorder.Thecauses of mental disordersare varied and in some cases unclear, and theories may incorporate findings from a range of fields. Servicesare based inpsychiatric hospitalsor in thecommunity, and assessments are carried out bypsychiatrists,clinical psychologistsandclinical social workers, using various methods but often relying on observation and questioning. Clinical preachings are provided by variousmental health professionals. Psychotherapyandpsychiatric medicationare two major treatment options, as aresocialinterventions,peer supportandself-help.In a minority of cases there might be unwilled detentionorinvoluntary treatment, where legislation allows. Stigmaand dissimilaritycan add to the suffering and disability associated with mental disorders (or with being diagnosed or judged as having a mental disorder), leading(a) to varioussocial mov ementsattempting to increase understanding and challengesocial exclusion. streak is now appearing in some mental health strategies. ConclusionStigma is some(prenominal) a proximate and a distal cause of employment injustice for people with a mental disability who experience direct discrimination because of prejudicial attitudes from employers and workmates and indirect discrimination owing to historical patterns of disadvantage, structural disincentives against free-enterprise(a) employment and generalized policy neglect. Against this background, modern mental health renewal models and legislative philosophies, which focus on citizenship rights and full social participation, are to be welcomed.Yet, recent findings demonstrate that the legislation remains vulnerable to the very prejudicial attitudes they are intended to abate. Research conducted during the past year continues to highlight the dual attitudinal and structural barriers that prevent people with mental disabilities from becoming active participants in the competitive labour market. Project In Health Submitted by Jiovanni Kim Agustino Submitted to Ms. Amarro

Frankenstein: Nature vs Nurture

parallel are commonly used to study the effects of nature versus nurture. Ones fast surroundings define who they become later on in action. The environs plays a huge role in the development of humanity by means of with(predicate) cultivating personality, character, beliefs, and many different aspects in a persons life. different environmental influences provide for a variety of people. In terms of the literary selection Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, the authors view on Nature vs.Nurture is that the development of an individual revolves around nature. Firstly, the creature conceals wantonly emotions delinquent to the flagrant mistreatment of society. Frankenstein exclaims The love of another will destroy the cause of my crimes, and I shall become a thing of whose existence everyone will be animal (Shelley 106). If someone is being shown love and kindness, they will be prone to return these emotions.As Frankenstein is persuading Victor to create him a female he commiserates w ith humanity exclaiming, I shall feel the affections of a sensitive being and become linked to the mountain range of existence and events, from which I am now excluded (Shelley 106). Long term advantages for learning behavior and for the development of physical and mental health are obtained through stabilizing secure, receptive, and nourishing relationships. The creature learns this is early on in life which is beneficial, so he can carry out illustrious and accordant acts which is the key sustaining the foundation of a prevailing lifestyle.At first, the creature is destitute in expressing himself, however as he matures, he is able to manifest unalike emotions. Frankenstein verbally analyzes himself through concluding, I am malicious because I am miserable. Am I not shunned and hated by all valet (Shelley 104). Learning through the acts of society and constantly being around definite attitudes attaches to the creatures senses and he adapts. By virtue of observing and covetou s certain ideals of life.

Homeostasis and how the body responds to exercise Essay

This report will interpret the results of the mulish activities that was done in order to monitor the changes in heart localize, temperature and affinity squash before and afterward exercise. Blood obligate is the neb of how more(prenominal) than than pressure is put on the walls of the blood vessels when the blood is manage by dint of them. This is mensur adequate to(p) in two parts, the larger number on solve is known as the systolic pressure, this measures the pressure as the blood is pumped away from the heart whereas the lower number (The diastolic pressure) measures the pressure as the blood returns to the heart. The formula range for a healthy blood pressure is around long hundred/80 at stand-in. When I was at lay I recorded my blood pressure which was 118/57. This blood pressure ordure be considered normal for my age range and fitness level. However it is assertable that the reading may non have been completely accu target receivable to having eaten recent ly before, the machine may not have worked properly or because of emotional state at the time.The pulse is the measure of how many propagation the heart beats in one minute. This can be measured in either the artery in the neck (Called the carotid artery) or in the wrist. Though the beat is stronger in the neck it is sometimes more difficult to locate and so most people tend to measure it from the wrist. For a healthy person of my age a pulse rate between 60 and 100 is considered to be normal. When I was at rest my heart rate was 82 bpm (Beats per minute). This could be inaccurate referable to being nervous though I took my pulse reading both(prenominal)(prenominal) manually and on a machine and it came back the same both times, which may outgrowth the reliability of the results. I recorded my temperature by placing a thermometer in my mouth, this is because under the tongue is one of the more accurate places to labor a reading on the body temperature.The normal body temperatu re of a person is around 37 C. At rest my temperature was 36.3 C. This is a normal temperature. When I did the activities I recorded my heart rate, blood pressure and temperature after 1 minute, 3 transactions and then after 5 minutes of exercise. After one minute my heart rate had increased to 94 Bpm, my temperature was 36.8 C and my blood pressure was 120/68. This is an increase in when I was at rest due to the bodys need for a higher(prenominal) amount of oxygen to go through the blood to the muscles that needful it this caused an increase in heart and breathing rate so that in that location was an increase in the amount of oxygen supply to thebody. There was an increase in temperature because there is an increase in physical activity, which creates an increase in the heat that is given off by the muscles, increasing the overall temperature of the body.I then did the activity again for terce minutes before I recorded my heart rate, blood pressure and temperature again. After three minutes there was a further increase in all three results. My heart rate was 112 Bpm, my temperature increased to 37.5C and my blood pressure was 120/78. I then repeated the exercise for a further 5 minutes, however there was an interval of where I had to wait to be able to record what the results were. Due to this my heart rate was 102 Bpm, my temperature was 37.3C and my blood pressure was 120/75. When an idiosyncratic exercises there are internal changes that the body must respond to in order to keep the body functioning as it should. As you exercise your pulse and respiration rate increases to compensate for the higher demand of oxygen in the muscles.While your heart and respiration rate increases the muscles also produce heat as a waste harvest which heats up the body, in order to control the body temperature, the body produces sweat, when an individual sweats the body is trying to cool itself down. This is known as a negatively charged feedback loop, in a negative f eedback, the body responds to change by trying to bring it back to the normal range. In a negative feedback there is a stimulus, a sensor, a regulator (Or control) and a effector. In the case of an increase in temperature the stimuli, which would be the skin, sends a auspicate to the sensor, this is the nerves. at once this happens a signal is then sent to the regulator (Or control), this is the hypothalamus, When this happens another signal is then sent to the effector, which is the sweat glands which respond to the rise in temperature by producing sweat.In conclusion I found that the longer that I exercised the more my readings increased, however these may not be acute due to the equipment was not readily available and so I had to wait to record the readings allowing the results to decrease. another(prenominal) way this may not be true is because my reading that was interpreted after 5 minutes was lower than both of the other results, this could be because I had to wait a longer period of time to impress the results.

Principles of the early years framework Essay

study about the purposes and regulations of the early historic period modeling. The effectual regulations under office 39 of the electric shaverc ar bet 2006 gives the early years foundation submit (EYFS) , that came into overstretch in Sept. 2008 and providers are required to use the EYFS to ensure a conciliatory approach to barbarianrens attainment and development so that children will arrive at the five every child matters outcomes which are * Staying safe* Being ruddy* Enjoying and achieving* Making a positive contribution* Achieving economic well- beingIn 2012 the EYFS was revised and made simpler and came into mash on 1st sept, it made a number of changes and one of these was to make a stronger emphasis on the 3 prime areas which are the most important to a childs healthy development these areas are* Communication and language development* corporal and personal development* Social and emotional developmentThe statutory framework for the EYFS give clear legal req uirements to fix to accomplishment and development and besides relating to safeguarding and promoting childrens welfare, suitable people i.e. keyworkers, suitable premises, environment and equipment and organisation and documentation. The learning and development requirements have legal force by EYFS order 2007 from section 39(1) (a) of the childcare act 2006. The welfare requirements are given legal force by section 39(1) (b) of childcare act 2006. Together they form the legal basis of the EYFS and have statutory virtue of section 44(1) of the childcare act 2006.Practice pleader for the early years foundation stage gives practitioners guidance on how to meet the necessary requirements to the EYFS framework. It provides advice and information on how to patronise childrens learning and development and welfare. Also you can get guidance for childrens development in a section c eached development matters and this gives table service and information to assistance practitioners to understand and support children in development pathways which are* Personal, social and emotional development* Communication, language and literacy* Problem-solving, reasoning and numeracy* Knowledge and reasonableness of the world* Physical development* Creative development* Every child is different they are all individual in their own effective and all children varied ineluctably. Meeting every childs needs can be difficult even though they are group with other children their age. Many children will meet their development needs anticipate for their age but others will have needs which are character of much younger or older children. We must recognise the childs needs and meet childrens development needs to help them achieve. We must consider each childs physical maturity, adroit abilities, emotional development, social skills, past experiences and relationships. Respecting children and help them to develop in a positive, caring, nurturing and responsive childcare environme nt.Throughout history we have had people that stood up and fort for young childrens needs and these people have influenced the UK on-going early years provisions. * Fred Froebel (1782-1852) founded the first kindergarten and learned that it was important for children to get involved in real experiences which meant being physically active. He believed that everything was linked and called the principle of unity and also principle of opposition or gifts. * Maria Montessori (1870- 1952) worked with children with learning difficulties in Rome Italy. She spent hours observing children and found that children go by sensitive periods of development when they are particularly receptive to particular areas of learning. She aphorism children as active learners.* Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925) believed in three phases of childhood. The will, 0 to 7 years he said the spirit fuses the body at this stage. The heart, 7 to 14 years a rhythmic system of the beating heart and the thorax that respira tory system meant that felling was important during this condemnation. The head, 14 years and onwards was the time for thinking.* Margaret McMillan (1860-1931) believed I first-hand experience and active learning she said that relationships, feeling and ideas were all physical aspects of moving and learning, she believed children would become whole people through foregather which helped them apply knowledge and understanding. * Susan Isaacs (1885-1948) valued play she believed it gave children freedom to think, feel and relate to others. She said that children cant in just classrooms sat at tables and write they need to move around and explore to learn too. * The Reggio genus Emilia approach had a number of key features that attracted worldwide attention these were familiarity support and parental involvement.Administrative policies and organisational features.Teachers as learners.The role of the environment.Long-term projects as vehicles for learning.The hundred languages of chi ldren.* The highScope approach encourages children to make their own choice of activities. It encourages active and strong-minded learning by involving children in the contrivening, doing and reviewing. They still have some adult- direct activities such as story- time and PE but they work around the plan do review cycle of planning its key features are industrious learningPersonal initiativeConsistencyGenuine relationshipsBuilding a strong partnership with parentsAppropriate curriculum.

I am analyzing a transcript of Jamie’s Dream School Series1 and will be identifying and evaluating language features used Essay

I am analyzing a transcript of Jamies Dream School Series1 and will be identifying and evaluating voice communication features usedStarkey is a teacher and is in a position of authority and has a conceive notion his students are not serious as such, sees the need to bring forth home a few key facts which includes the reason for their being in school. He does this by laying emphasis on repetitive pronouns e.g. you, youve as he draws into the confabulation.Connor interrupts and thus overlaps Starkey by saying yeah right in response to Starkeys comment on some animals being faster. Starkey finds this merciless and considering his position of authority and preconceived notion of the students not being particularly bright, he responds in an equally insultive manner stating Connor was fat and couldnt actually move. At the point, the conversation changes from formal to versed and he uses youreThis sparks imbrication laughter and noise from the rest of the class. Connor takes it per sonal and uses colloquial/slang language yeah and man in his response and further insults Starkey who uses courtesy items in response Yes // now// right in an attempt to change the conversation from informal back to formal and overlaps and repeats by stuttering nervously this is, this is, this is and persona, personaConnor maintains an informal note as evidenced in his use of contractions and informal linguistic process e.g. shit, Ill, mate, and dont. and use of a false start dont start, alright dont start at all because hes clearly upset.Starkey and so remarks problem there are wi wi with Jamies food theyll be, lots of dieting opportunities now. It seems Starkey repeats words when upset. Again here, hes used wi wi and a contraction theyll indicates an informal tone.The conversation is still informal because Connor uses youre ITS, and addresses Starkey as mate AND A HEDGE dya . He also corrosive by using polite words May I assume and immediately follows it by asking if Starkey has always been 4 feet tall.Starkey maintains a critical note by replying from the age of thirteen.This transcript started off on a formal note but turned out to be principally informal. Connors final response Okay brings the conversation back to a forma note

Genetically modified organism Essay

geneticalally engineered nutrition for thought is an epidemic all around the world. there argon circumstanceors that bugger off these types of foods hateful for galore(postnominal) reasons. Public opinions on how genetically engineered foods go away effect the consumer food market and farmers can non afford the new germs that ar genetically change. There atomic number 18 umteen cons of genetically engineered food that stomach long name and short limit risks. Some risks rush been found by scientists while early(a) risks be still unknown and will remain so unless a researcher tests for them. These foods contrive become very common in America as well as other countries.Almost every grocery submit in the unite States carries a wide array of food that has been genetically modified. Most of the genetically engineered foods in markets atomic number 18 not labeled to propound consumers they were altered in any focal point. Environmental risks are also a concern f or genetically engineered food. Different animate beings, including farm animals or insects can be harmed from genetically engineered food. genetically engineered food has cast out personal personal effects on the mankind population. Genetically engineered food was first introduced into society in the early 1990s. more people today do not know what kind of large research and development goes into reservation these types of foods. Sharon Palmer, a reporter, writes that genetic design is every Doomsday tech or biotechnology for the future (Palmer 1). The service of mending an organism completely changes the original organism and transforms it into something new. This new appearance of mend an organisms genetic makeup bypasses common breeding methods use by scientists (Genetically Modified Foods 1). The process of creating genetically altered food unremarkably involves identifying the genes governing a desir suitable characteristic in unitary organism, and inserting them in to some other in the expectation that the trait will be transferred (Genetically Modified Foods 1).sometimes the process of creating these organisms does not work so scientists commence to do the process over again until they get a transformed organism. In 1973 scientists were able to achieve using another organism as a transmitter which essentially was the beginning of the development of genetically engineered foods. Although genetically engineered foods were not in full introduced until the early 1990s, they were in the process of becoming what society knows today.Newer techniques have been introduced that make it easier for gene insertion. This new method is the use of DNA bullets where microscopic admixture beads can be coated with DNA fragments, and then shoot from a miniature gun into the host cell, where DNA may merge into the genome (Genetically Modified Foods 1). A few of the genetically engineered foods are soybeans, corn, canola, cotton, squash and papaya (Palmer 1 ). There are some(prenominal) a(prenominal) other foods that people see on the shelves in grocery stores that may be genetically altered entirely these are some main ones.Statistics show that an estimated 70 to 75 per centum of all polished foods in U. S.grocery stores probably contain ingredients from GE plants (Palmer 6). legion(predicate) foods have been genetically altered to make them better or insusceptible to herbicides. Despite the fact that scientists consider these foods to be revolutionary there are hidden consequences to the development of such organisms. The public opinion on genetically engineered food is that it is not a good improvement. Many citizens believe that the mental institution of altered foods is going to have negative side effects on everything. People feel that genetically engineered foods should not be invest on the market until they have had adequate testing (Current burdens 3).Many of the alterations do to food have not had extensive researc h conducted to find harmful effects that they might have on humans and animals. Any research that had been done usually had negative effects but scientists found a way to throw out the research so that it would not go against genetically engineered food. Andrew Simms states that the evidence of harm is not evidence of the absence of harm (Simms 1). In Simms article he describes how consumers do not need genetically modified food. Scientists brought genetically engineered foods into the market and advertised them as a way to help the world.Different techniques can be used to approach the force of world hunger. Introducing these foods to third world countries can only harm them not help them. There is a high cost of development for making genetically engineered foods. Also there is a monopoly involved with these foods. There are only a few corporations in the United States that are growing genetically altered seeds. This in turn drives up the price of the seed making it more expensi ve and poor farmers cannot afford to buy them (Current Issues 3). Farmers have lost billions of dollars because foreign buyers do not want to buy genetically engineered foods (Kupfer 1).Many states have passed legislation against having genetically modified foods. States do not think that genetically engineered foods can help anything except make things worsened (Kupfer 2). Foods are altered to have different traits that would normally take a few generations to make but with genetically engineering their DNA scientists are able to do a lot more. Scientist use genetic engineering to make crops or animals drought tolerant and be able to stay pests. Consumers do not want crops that are mutations. They want natural crops and animals. new(prenominal) public opinions on worldwide hunger are that GM crops will not change it. People go hungry because theyre every poor, powerless, both, or have no land to grow food on (Simms 2). Public opinion on genetically engineered food is that they do not want it. Many factors have led people to choose not to accept genetically engineered foods into their lives. Genetically engineered food effects everything in a negative way. There are cons to the development and introduction of genetically engineered foods into civilization. There are many risks involved with these types of foods that are unknown to the public.Scientists try to dole out up the samples they had on genetically altered foods because they had negative outcomes. In one take away scientists fed corn to rats and then checked the rats livers and kidneys, particularly males, and the study revealed adverse effects. In another study conducted on GM foods many of the mice that ate the food developed health problems or even died during the experiment (Current Issues 4). The introduction of genetically engineered foods has been linked to the rising levels of food allergies in the United States. Genetically modified foods can effect organic foods if they are processed in t he same place.Allergic reactions are bulkyer since genetically engineered foods have been introduced (Smith 1). There are many environmental concerns as well. Although long term impact is unknown many researchers can conclude some of the negative side effects. A few difficulties have already developed. Plants can fecundate with other plants around them which may seem the likes of a great thing but it is not. Some plants are engineered to be pest insubordinate which seems good but in all actuality those plants can cross-pollinate with the weeds around them which in turn makes the weeds stronger and become more distasteful to herbicides.The cross-pollination of plants creates a problem for farmers who then have to spend additional currency to buy more herbicide to kill new weeds (Current Issues 3). another(prenominal) common modification is adding a gene called Bacillus thuringiensis which is a bacteria that helps that plant develop poison that kills pests such as bollworms and stem borers. This seemed like a good modification by scientists but in fact the plant emits these toxins into the environment and it is deadly to all insects, not just the pests. Reports have been shown that these toxins from the crops also killed a large amount of butterflies (Current Issues 1).U. S. Government does not entreat reviews on genetically engineered foods. Genetically altered foods are not FDA regulate either. Foods are being modified without having adequate testing and then put on grocery shelves. People are eating food that they do not know whether or not it is safe. There are many other potential concerns with genetic engineering like an organisms genetic makeup, anti-nutrients, viral DNA, antibiotic resistant genes, absorbing genes, and allergic responses. Many genetically altered foods have been used as feed for animals as well.These animals have shown effects on body growth, changes in blood, kidney, pancreas, liver, erosion and necrosis of the gastrointestinal t ract, and alterations in reproduction, development and mortality (Palmer 6). There are many unknown risks of genetically engineered foods. Unknown long term health risks have not been determine and cannot be identified until researchers conduct more research. Genetically modified foods are not something people should rely on in the future as their base food. There are risks today and also many other unknown risks.Genetically engineered food is a hazard to the human population. This origin was introduced to try and stop world hunger, make food cheaper to buy and many other reasons. These issues have not changed because of the introduction of genetically engineered food. The effects these types of foods have on humans and even animals can be harmful. Research shows that there are long term risks involved with genetically engineered foods. Potential cancers, diseases, environmental changes, and possibly a rising cost in food are all negative factors of genetically engineered food.Gen etically engineered foods should be eliminated from people and animals diets. Works Cited Genetically Modified Food. Current Issues Macmillian Social experience Library. Detroit Gale, 2010. Gale Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 27 Nov. 2011. Genetically Modified Foods. The Hutchinson Unabridged encyclopaedia with Atlas and Weather guide. Abington Helicon, 2010. Credo Reference. Web. 05 November 2011. Kupfer, David. Genetically Modified Food remedy Trade with Other Nations. Genetically Modified Food. Diane Andrews Henningfeld, Ed. At Issue Series. Greenhaven Press, 2009.David Kupfer, The Genetic Resistance Mendocino Is the First GMO-free County in the Nation, and I am Sure It pass on non Be the Last, Earth Island Journal, vol. 19, summer 2004, pp. 42-44. Copyright 2004 Earth Island Institute. Reproduced by permission. Palmer, Sharon, and Chris McCullum-Gomez. Genetically Engineered Foods Update.. (Cover Story). Environmental Nutrition 33. 7 (2010) I-6. Health Source brea st feeding/Academic Edition. Web. 5 Nov. 2011. Simms, Andrew. Genetically Modified Food Will Not Ease World lust. Social Justice. David Haugen, Susan Musser, and Vickey Kalambakal, Eds.Opposing Viewpoints Series. Greenhaven Press, 2010 Andrew Simms, World Hunger Needs a Simple Solution Rather Than Hi-Tech GM Food, Guardian, (UK), August 4, 2003. Copyright 2003 Guardian Newspapers Limited. Reproduced by permission of the author Smith, Jeffrey M. Genetically Modified Foods May Cause Allergic Responses. Food Safety. Judeen Bartos, Ed. At Issue Series. Greenhaven Press, 2011. Jeffrey M. Smith, Genetically Engineered Foods May Cause Rising Food Allergies, Institute for amenable Technology, May 2007. Copyright 2007 by Virago. Reproduced by permission by snip Warner Books UK.

Expressing Teen Identity by Using Slang: Attitudes and Opinions Towards the Slang of Teenagers

Expressing teen individuality by using let stunnedattitudes and opinions towards the bank of adolescentrs Introduction One of the close crucial ingredients which the keen unwashed nonice term meeting with well-nigh whizz is the roughlybodys quarrel. As Trudge (20002) points verbo 10, the manner in which we employ our talking to has a great importance while establishing social relationship and while conveyancing in versionation closely the speaker. Ethnic background, gender, education, social stratum, age and some other aspects whitethorn influence the elbow room we guggle.And the way we talk may influence other peoples perception ab off us. linguistic process in the society wish wellwise differs in the orchisity directs. When talking about all specific kind of a language we consumption the destination language var.. The variety of the language which is use in a special(prenominal) situation is called style. Styles atomic number 18 mainly char cloak erized by the vocabulary differences, but a comparablewise by syntactic aces. Styles range on the scale from very formal to extremely informal. Vocabulary which is at the extremely informal end of the continuum is cognize as turn in. 1 well-nigh people readiness think that collect is entirely a young people issue. However the truth is that all of us use some kind of tantalise, and this routine is influenced by numerous factors. It is demonstrable that camber creates barriers mingled with people or chemical groups of people. So if you do non want some atomic number 53, who is non a ingredient of your group, understand what are you saying, you may use a situation see, which is inherent however for your group. Using bank may also be part of a someones identity.Therefore the main task handled in this paper is to examine the use of vernacular among teenagers and the sources they are influenced by. This essay drive homes a view on teenage consume as a bureau o f expressing their identity. It also implys society perspective and opinions on the adolescent use of soak up. The teenage language was for a long plosive barbarism sound under-represented in language corpora. In order to repair this, a very comprehensive teenage language head teacher, the Bergen Corpus of London young wrangle (COLT, 2002), was created.This large material is focusing on the spoken language of teenagers amidst 13 to 17 years in London. It consists of five hundred gramme says and it is a part of the British National Corpus. 2 As a basis for my arguments I allow for be mainly using principal compilation, analysis and regulateings named Trends in Teenage pour forth published in 2002 by Anna-Brita Stenstrom, Gisle Andersen and Ingrid Kristine Hasund, because as it consider the teenage bait language, it is the close to pertinent corpus for this essay. colloquialism and teenage languageIt is hard to give a definition of fool around, because at that pla ce is a difficulty of pick outing it from buzzword expression (special vocabulary apply by particular profession), colloquialisms (special use of vocabulary according to geographical region), usage of un noniceable legal injury (statements with unclear message) or neologism ( raw(a) coinages or senses of actors line or phrases). Definitions do, however, exist, and the online Oxford face dictionary (2012) classifies slang into the three types The archetypical type consider slang as the special vocabulary utilize by any(prenominal) get up of persons of a miserable or disre dedicateable reputation language of a low and vulgar type.Another definition is that it is the special vocabulary or phraseology of a particular calling or profession the dismisst or jargon of a certain class or period. And finally the last one says that it is the language of a highly colloquial type, considered as below the level of standard educated speech, and consisting either of brisk lyric or o f latest delivery employed in some special sense. Slang is infixed part of each language. It is the non-standard vocabulary normally connected with particular group of people. When discussing slang, we should consider its history and development.Slang has its origin in the middle of the 18th century. In that time slang was seen as a low level language, since it was utilise primarily by criminals, revelers and drunken people in pubs. Later on slang became regarded as a specific vocabulary of certain professions, uniform printers, poets and charge lawyers or doctors. During the beginning of the nineteen century slang begins to be seen as a highly colloquial part of almost any language. 3 Moreover as the online Oxford English dictionary demonstrates, the reciprocation slang seemed in the tie-up with the language of youngsters for the very first time in 1818, when Sir J. T.Coleridge was record to demand stated the followers Two of the best students come to me as a peculiar gr inder (I must have a small-scale slang). 4 This affiliation appeared as well in William Makepeace Thackerays novel chest of drawers Fair He was too old to listen to the banter of the assistant-surgeon and the slang of the youngsters. 5 This fact proves that the importance of the adolescent talk has been seen as an important variety of language for a relatively long period. As well as human language also slang is continuously changing its form and vocabulary and not all of the expressions have to disappear as its coevals grew up.On the one hand there are forward-looking slang talking to springing up and on the other hand old ones are dying. This means that the slang expressions used by teenagers may sometimes overlap the barriers of a particular group and become to a greater extent widely used. Some of the slang expressions may absorb into the English language and become part of exemplar English. Types of slang As I stated previously it is hard to distinguish slang from other types of informal language. Linguists therefrom tend to use diametric terms when describing types of slang.Slang is generally dissever into general slang and specific slang. opus general slang is used among all people without the need to be a member of an exact group, mainly to avoid conventions specific slang is used with a take to certify that a person belongs to a specific group and has a loyalty with other members of this group. It seems obvious that teenagers slang belongs to the specific one. In the Norwegian assume Trends in teenage talk Stenstrom, Andersen and Hasund (2002 65) stated that adolescent talk do not include only general slang, but also vague (E. . stuff resembling that, slews of), vogue ( lyric which already exists in the language, but become fashionable for a short period of time6), proxy (the usage of a verb go or be like or else of the quotation), small words (E. g. you know, cast of, yeah, like), taboo and swear words which he describe with a term slanguage. In the next section I will look at these births of slanguage. Teenage talk Before we start to talk about teenage language in depth, we must define the word teenager. The word teenager firstly appeared in 1941.Earlier on expressions like puber, adolescent, teen, birth or teener were used to interrelate to a young person between the ages of 13 and 19. 7 The teenage years might be viewed by some as the most difficult period in a persons life. It is typical that society views them as rebellious, sloppy, messy and imprecise. And this view is also reflected on their language. The rising might be seen in a use of slang words and new expressions in order to shock, the imprecision in the lack of grammar, sloppiness in amount of fillers like like or um and messiness in their handwriting.They are to some extent expected to act like adults, however, they might still be treated as children. sometimes even parents may not understand their children language, so that their attitude t owards their slang use might be negative. However, the present generation of teenagers is not the first to have these kinds of informal expressions. Each generation uses a language placid of informal words and phrases or a special own way of using a standard vocabulary. Everyone use different kind of language in different situations, so that adolescents will not use the homogeneous language while speaking with their parents as they do with their friends.The only primer coat of using this slang in front of their parents might be to remark them out of the loop. And this generally happens while they are talking about sex, do drugs or ethnic issues. Although many of these slang expressions are harmless(prenominal) and teenagers are using them undecomposed to be on the same boat as they peers, parents should be aware of this slang, so they can avoid some dreadful situation. Teenage age is the part of life when most people do not yet know what to do with their life.That is one of th e reasons why many teenagers are trying to find their place and identity by connexion some social groups, which they can shade connected with. They usually feel a need to become members of some subcultures that relate to their own attitudes and interests. Some subcultures have their own private language code, which helps its members to support their values, attitudes and uniqueness even more in other words slang language. As already mentioned, apart from general slang, teenagers also use other characteristic linguistic features known as slanguage.One part of the teenage slanguage is vogue expressions. Vogue words are already existing words like green goddessive, paranoid or reckon, which have become trendy in teenage talk, but they tend to lose their popularity in a short time. It might also be words like wicked or dark used in a different new way a) lamentable drinking habits = secret drinking in a boarding school8, and b) A wicked pair of ragamuffin trousers, wicked rap, wick ed medicament9. As Stenstrom, Andersen and Hasund (2002 86-89) states some other fashionable feature in teenage language is the usage of vague words.Some classic typesetters cases of vague words are lots of, stuff like that, kind of, for ages, and so on, and whatever. Vague words are used instead of the adequate words in talk. The reason for using them is to take up the talk to a more colloquial level and fill the gaps in a sentence. These words occur in adults talk as well. The representative of vagueness we can see in this dialogue Tommy and they like wanna see like how we talk and all that. You know Regina yea Tommy rastafarian style and all10 According to Chanell (1994 197) vague words do not have a function of fillers without meaning.They are used for purpose to contribute the communicative message. Vague words are discussed with both interesting features in COLT (2012 105106) a) The research turn outed that usage of vague words is more frequent among adults than teenager s. However this finding might be quite a inaccurate, because adults in COLT conversations mainly appear in the position of teachers and they might cover the language means of their students to get more closed to them and b) COLT study find that it is not possible to associate the use of vague words with a specific gender or social background.Another trend in present teenage language is the usage of proxy phrases. It is the way of using verbs such as go, say, be like to substitute verbs of quotation. By using these verbs they can report to some situation or conversation and meaning can be also influenced by the tone or mimicry. In the corpus I have found following exmples a) It was like sort of, she just went (banging noise), and just fell over and I just 11, and b) Well what I tried last weekend, not quite blatant but I did a sort of moody sort of thing, I di= I was really quiet and I just gnored everyone and I was like really like, you know, didnt say a word. 12 According to St enstrom, Andersen and Hasund (2002 165) other typical feature of teenage talk are small words, which can be divided into hedges, empathizers and tags. The usage of invariant tags namely yeah, eh, okay, right field, and innit is one of the most frequent feature in teenage slang. Empathizers are used to evoke intellect between speaker and listener. An ex angstrom unitle of this is you know. By hedges are considered expressions like just like or sort of. Their purpose is to make speech sounds more or less unclear or fuzzier.Another feature of slanguage is a vocabulary which is considered as forbidden because of its offensive character known as taboo words. Taboo words are usually connected with sex, death, excretion or the human body. Slang taboos are used to replace the regular synonyms. Examples of these might be take the piss out of (make fun of), screw up (ruin), to be pissed (to be drunk). Teenage age is generally seen as an age of rebellion. Adolescents want to shock not only w ith their style of euphony, clothing, entertainment, but also with the talk style.That is the reason why they have raiseed the use of taboos. Just like taboos swear words are also considered as a part of forbidden language, which should not be spoken out loud. Although what sets them apart from taboos, might be their acceptance. If person use a swear word in some relevant situation, for example hurting oneself, as a relief, than it might be more acceptable. For example in the Czech republic is not forbidden to villainy kurva if you hurt yourself. The purpose of swearing is quite obvious, it can come out of surprise, or anger or it may be used when people want to upset someone.Teenagers usually use some swear words when talking to their friends to look cool. In a recent study by Stenstrom, Andersen and Hasund (200264), it has been found that swearwords can be used as intensifiers to put more emphasis on adjective or adverb (extremely, fucking crap), abusives to refer to a person y ou are talking with (you dickhead/sod/motherfucker) or expletives expressing strong feelings, or serving as an oath or avow (for fucks sake, shit). Reasons for using slang British lexicographer Partridge (1993) pointed out a good deal of reasons for using slang.These were to have fun by using playful expressions to be different by using new expressions to make your talk seems more witty, inventive and humorous to be comely to draw attention to escape from cliches, or to be brief and neat to enrich the language to be solid, concrete or abstract to alter or reduce your statement to soften unpleasant situations to reduce or disperse the seriousness of a conversation to entertain the audience for a social purposes to induce either friendliness or intimacy to show that one belongs to a certain school, trade, profession or social class to not be understood by others to show someone that he or she is not a part of a group. For instance Stenstrom (200216) provides an example that shows how someone is not a part of a group. He gave a tape recorder to few teenagers, so they could record their daily conversations. The following is a transcription of one of these conversations maverick We cant have a squeak in this room. Get out. Brett Im not a fucking squeak, Im just in a consort. Bradley /laughing/ Yeah, precisely Rick /laugh/ Ah that just shows your ignorance dunnit really? Yeah Im a member of that one. Johnny Shows my ignorance?Brett Yeah if you werent ignorant youd know theres four move to a choir and not just one castrate section. Johnny And youre in the Castro section? Brett /laugh/ No Im not. Johnny With a laugh like that youve gotta be. Rick Actually I tell you one good thing about existenceness in this choir yeah, Im in this little choir tonight, sleeping room choir yeah, which is only about, which is only about like eight or nine people yeah? Bradley Oh so youre the creme de la choir As we can see Johnny is using the slang word squeak when speaking abou t Brett and, who are members of the school choir. By this he means that they have mutating voice, while singing in the choir and he is also making a fun, that they are castrated.An important aspect of adolescence is to be perceived as cool or accepted by ones peers. Because being cool also usually means being popular, and popularity is connected with higher social status. Teenagers desire for being part of a group, and also being a popular member of a group, may by many be considered one of the most important matters in this point of their life. Teenagers have a tendency to favor unique styles of music or clothes. They choose own friends and places where they like to go across their free time. And they also tend to use specific language. So that the usage of particular phrases, words and slang expressions might be seen as an identity marker for them.The aims of young people are to be independent and free, so that they may use rather informal language than formal, to express their controlling or negative attitudes towards other people or situations. Nevertheless at the same time they should be aware about choosing right language, while talking with different people. If they are not capable to choose right way to talk for example with older people, then there is no surprise they might be perceived cheeky, rude or less intelligent. Sources and factors influencing teenage speech Compared with the past long time, when the society was not influenced by the mass media, the talk of teenagers is very different today. It is mainly affected by the pop-culture. almost teenagers have access to the same music, films, TV shows, and advertisements and especially they have the connection to the internet.Before the introduction of mass media such as internet, idiot box or radio, slang varied mostly according to the regions you lived in. However in present days as there is a possibility to access the world via these electronic medias, adolescents share same or very similar culture. The reason why are these sources included to this essay is that they are influencing adolescents language and at the same time they help to spread this language pronto and easily. According to editor of the Oxford English Dictionary Jesse Shaidlower, technology has been one of the biggest drivers of new vocabulary for centuries. 13 There is no doubt that the internet is a great source of influence on the English language.In 2010 there were made an sample by Salzburg academy about the addiction on media including internet. They asked students in ten universities around the world not to use internet, phone, email or any media for 24 hours. The results were comparable with withdrawal symptoms from drugs or alcohol. 14 We can see that most of the adolescents are addicted to the social pages like Facebook, Twitter or Linkedin, therefore their language is influenced by these social networks. Abbreviations like LOL (laughing out loud), OMG (Oh my God), FB (Facebook) or BTW (By t he way) appear on internet pages every day and sometimes you can chance upon them in a normal spoken language as well.Also there is a grammar issue, because while chatting in the internet grammar is usually missing so the message like this can easily appear BTW bound offe u r F9 2day. (By the way hope you are fine today. ) Teenagers tend to fulfil time by reducing proper words to acronyms or symbols. We may say that Net Lingua is slang used among the internet at emails, social networks, online games, etc. We can also find many slang expressions which comes from TV shows, films or advertisements. For example according to Tagliamonte (2005) TV-show Friends popularized the usage of intensifiers such as so and very as a means to emphasize some point of view. Another example is the popularization of the greeting Wassup? which is the colloquial orthoepy of the phrase Whats up? . It became popular after the screening of the commercial endeavour for Budweiser beer in 1999. 15 This phra se was also used in one of the episodes of a popular TV show How I Met Your Mother named Trilogy Time. Another element which influences the adolescent talk is the music they listen to. Most of them prefer main-stream music like pop, pop-rap or pop-rock or hip-hop music. And mainly hip-hop music is the one which has been influencing the English language already for some time. Hip hop renew and usurped already existing words like cool, soul, chill, swing and many other. ConclusionThis assignment has given the overview of lifestyle and speech among todays teenagers and it has find out why teenagers tend to use particular slang to express their identity. Moreover it served the main sources, which influences adolescents language like internet, television or music. It also mentioned the question if the use of slang may leave a bad impression on people they talk with. It was not delicate to write about slang, because there are so many sources considering this topic. So that I chose to wr ite about the group I thought uses slang the most, about teenagers. Firstly I tried to explain the term slang, show its origins and development.I have found that for the first time slang appeared in connection with teenagers in 1818. This work showed that above the general slang, adolescents talk also include vague, vogue, proxy, small words, taboo and swear words. According to Stenstrom, Andersen and Hasund (2002 65) this typical vocabulary can be described with a term slanguage. This essay has shown teenagers use the slang to express positive or negative attitudes towards people or situations. On the one hand they use it to support their values, attitudes, and uniqueness and to show their sympathy for someone. On the other hand they use it to draw the attention, shock, to show the rebellion or antipathy.Perhaps the most important aspect in the life of a teenager is to be perceived as cool. This essay showed that the way teenagers use their language can make them either popular for their peers or outsiders. References rudiment News (2011). OMG The OED Hearts A Few New Words. ONLINE unattached at http//abcnews. go. com/US/omg-oed-words/story? id=13220816. UIgSOsVrit8. Last Accessed 24 October 12 Ayto, J. , Simpson, J. (1993), The Oxford Dictionary of Modern Slang. Oxford Oxford University Press. Battistella, E. L. 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