Development Timeline (Birth to 19 Years)

TDA 2. 1 (1. 1) DEVELOPMENTAL TIMELINE FROM p arentage TO NINETEEN years The age frames presented ar averages and well-nigh children whitethorn achieve various inducemental milestones earlier or later than average except still be within the usual range. BIRTH TO 5 YEARS Social, emotional andBehavioural suppuration dialogue andIntellectual phylogenesis bodily phylogenesis(gross and fine motor) Birth 1 month Generalised tension. Helpless. anti kind (not social). Fed by mother. Feedings 5 8 per day. Sleep 20 hours per day. sensory(prenominal) Capacities makes basic distinctions in vision, hearing, smelling and tasting, touch temperature and comprehension of pain. 2 months 3 months Distress. Smiles at a face. Visually fixates at a faceand smiles at it. by chance soothed by rocking. Enjoys being cuddled. Expresses delight. Oral Exploration cries, coos, grunts. Sensory Capacities colour perception visual exploration. labour cogency control of eye go acrosss li fts matter when on stomach. BIRTH TO 5 YEARS Social, Emotional andBehavioural study communicating andIntellectual teaching somatic Development(gross and fine motor). 4 months 6 months Enjoys being cuddled. Recognises his mother. Distinguishes amid beaten(prenominal) persons and strangers. No longer smiles indiscriminately. Expects feeding, dressing and bathing. Oral Exploration babbling makes roughly vowels and about half of the consonants, Sensory Capacities localises sounds. Motor Ability control of head and arm movements purposive grasping, rolls over. 7 months 9 months Specific emotional appendix to mother. Pro shields separation from mother. Enjoys peek-a-boo games. Motor Ability control of trunk and hands sits without put forward crawls about. 10 months 12 months Responsive to own name. Waves bye-bye. Plays pat-a cake. Understands no Gives and takes objects. Affection. Anger. fear of strangersCuriosity & Exploration. Language says one or two dustup imita tes sounds responds to truthful commands. Feedings 3 meals per day, 2 snacks. Sleep 12 hours per day with2 naps. Motor Ability control of tholes and feet stands creeps apposition of thumb and fore-finger. BIRTH TO 5 YEARS Social, Emotional andBehavioural Development Communication andIntellectual Development Physical Development(gross and fine motor). 1 year 11/2 years Dependent behaviour. rattling upset when separated from mother. Fear of the bath. Obeys limited commands. Interested in his mirror image. Language repeats a few words. Motor Ability creeps up stairs walks (10 20 minutes) makes lines on paper with crayon feeds himself. 11/2 years 2 years Temper tantrums (1 3 years). Resentment of a new baby. Does the opposite of what he is told (18 months). Language diction of more than cc words. Motor Ability runs kicks a ball builds a 6-cube tower (2 years) confident of bowel & bladder control. Sleep 12 hours at nighttime with1 2 hour naps 2 years 3 years Fear of separation. Negativistic (2 1/2 years). Violent tempers. Different facial expressions anger, sorrow and joy. sensation of humour tomboys tricks. Copies parents actions. Dependent, clinging. Possessive about toys. (continued overleaf) Language talks, uses I, me and you says words, phrases and simple sentences vocabulary of 272 words. Inability to make decisions. Motor Ability jumps off a tonus rides a tricycle uses crayons builds a 9-cube tower seats self on a chair uses a spoon and fork becoming unaffiliated in toileting turns pages singly. BIRTH TO 5 YEARS Social, Emotional andBehavioural Development Communication andIntellectual Development Physical Development(gross and fine motor). 2 years 3 years(continued) Enjoys correspond alongside another child. Resists parental demands. Gives orders. Rigid insistence on humdrum of routine. Self-centred beginning of personal identity. Possessive. Often negative frustrated.More antiphonal to humour and distraction. Solitary sca m. Dependent on adult guidance. Plays with dolls. Little judgment of others as people. Socially very immature. whitethorn respond to simple direction. Enjoys music. . BIRTH TO 5 YEARS Social, Emotional andBehavioural Development Communication andIntellectual Development Physical Development(gross and fine motor). 3 years 4 years Knows if he is a boy or a girl. Enjoys brief group activities requiring no skill. Like to help in small ways. Self-sufficient in many a(prenominal) routines of home life. Affectionate towards parents.Pleasure in genital manipulation. conjunct play with other children. Attends nursery school. Imitates parents. Romantic attachment to parent of opposite stimulate (3 5 years). Jealousy of akin-sex parent. notional fears of dark, injury, and so on (3 5 years). Takes turns and uniforms to share. Beginning of denomination with same-sex parents. Practises same-sex role activities. uttermost(prenominal) curiosity and interest in other childrens bodi es. Imaginary friend. Uses we. Has a vocabulary of 896 words. Growth in communication. Tells simple stories. Uses words as tools of mind.Has a desire to understand to his environment. batch answers questions. may recite a few nursery rhymes. . Motor Ability stands on one leg jumps up and down draws a circle and a cross (4 years) draws globe cuts with scissors (not well) finish wash and dry face throws ball overhand. BIRTH TO 5 YEARS Social, Emotional andBehavioural Development Communication andIntellectual Development Physical Development(gross and fine motor). 4 years 5 years Highly Cooperative play. Highly social has special friends. Highly organised (5 years). whitethorn play loosely organised games (e. g. ag hop scotch). Enjoys simple table games requiring turns and observe rules. Talkative. Versatile. Responsibility and guilt. Feels pride. Prefers to play with other children. Becomes competitive. Prefers sex-appropriate activities. Highly imaginative. Dramatic. Sel f-assured. Stable and well-adjusted. Home centred likes to tie in with mother. Capable of some self-criticism. Enjoys responsibility. Like to follow rules. Interest in environment, town, city, shops, and so on Talks clearly. Uses adult speech soundsHas mastered basic grammar. Asks endless questions. larn to generalise.Tells long tales. Reads own name. Counts to 10. Asks meaning of words. Knows colours. Beginning to know the difference between fact and fiction. Has the ability to tell lies. Knows over 2000 words (5 years). Motor Ability hops and skips mature motor control, skips good balance smoother muscle action skates rides a bicycle (with stabilisers) broad jumps, dresses without help, copies a square and a triangle can draw recognisable simple objects handedness effected ties shoes, girls small muscle development about 1 year forwards of boys. 6 YEARS TO 10 YEARSSocial, Emotional andBehavioural Development Communication andIntellectual Development Physical Development(gr oss and fine motor). Starts spending more time in school and with peers than with family. Has friends that are primarily the same sex. Accepts responsibility for their actions. Express concerns for the upbeat of others. Personality and humour develops. place decentre (realizes others have ideas and feelings that are not the same as theirs). Attention levels make up can inhibit impulsive behaviour. Has greater emotional control. Play set abouts sophisticated and increasingly symbolic.Playing a battalion or group (organised sports and games). Spends more time and concentration on separate interests (books, music, computer games, constructing models. Tastes and skills are almost defined (pre-teen). Demonstrates relativism (they can be ill-use and that theirs, and others, thoughts and feelings do not affect reality). Strongly influenced by friends. Evidence of legitimate and organised thought. Demonstrates deductive reasoning. Understands the concepts of right and wrong. Speed and efficiency of thought increases. back tooth relate involved accounts of events. Complex and compound sentences easily used. precisely a few lapses in grammatical constrictions (tense, pronouns, plurals). All speech sounds are established. Reading and writing with considerable ease. Plays challenging games and puzzles that test knowledge and physicality. Can classify one object in more than one way. Can carry on a conversation at an adult level. Learns to occasion their letters and can decipher other joined-up writing. Doodles and sk etceteraes becoming more naturalistic. Can follow (fairly) heterogeneous instructions with little repetition. Starts to question unknown concepts (eg. death, birth, etc. ). Able to set and achieve goals.Reads for pleasure (8+ years). Can tell the time (7+ years). Motor Ability movement is smoothand coordinated can ride a bicycle without stabilisers plays challenging games to test physicalityContinues to grow steadily in fish and height. Body pro portions starting to look less childlike and more like those of an adult. Exhibits high levels of energy. Puberty may begin (as young as 9). Periods may begin (as young as 8). Sleep 10 hours per day. 10 YEARS TO 14 YEARS Social, Emotional andBehavioural Development Communication andIntellectual Development Physical Development(gross and fine motor). 13 long timeMay act in destructive ways slamming doors stamping feet. May become overly sensitive and easily offended. May begin dabbling in serious behaviour self harm smoking cigarettes drinking intoxicant taking drugs having sex). Peer pressure has the most influence. Interested in assignment in and being the same as their peers. Relationships can become complex and intense not speaking to others enjoy fighting/making up. May have large shifts in social circles may withdraw and distract their peers or choose to stick with their friends, no matter what.Prefers to be social than tend to school- proceeding or other responsibiliti es. Silliness can rule can have a twisted sense of humour. May push apart from their parents to spend more time with friends. Cliques and tight-knit groups can form. Between 12 and 14 years, both sexes become very aware of their sexuality and that of others. nauseating of developing too fast or too slowly. A manus style develops. More abstract thought, incorporates principles of formal logic. Thinking becomes less level(p) to concrete reality. Formal logical systems can be acquired. Can bobby pin proportions, algebraic manipulation.Evidence of organised, logical thought. Capable of concrete problem solving. increment ability to see the consequences of their actions. More able to think like adults, but not the judgement and experience. Arguing skills improve (passionate). Reasoning skills improve applies concepts to proper(postnominal) examples. Can construct hypothetical solutions to problems and rate. Focus on the future develops. Recognises former and effect (present/fu ture events). Sets personal goals. Decision-making skills improve. Learns to distinguish fact from opinion. Can evaluate credibility of various sources of information.May challenge adults assumptions and solutions. GirlsOnset of puberty (11 years). menses begins (121/2 years but sometimes earlier). Breasts begin to grow and develop (breast buds). BoysGrowth spurts, clumsiness and lack or coordination. Hormonal mood swings in boys and girls moody, depressed, surly and rebellious acutely interested in the opposite sex. bounteous teeth in place (by 13 years). Special gifts and talents emerge (sports, artistic, mental, etc. ). 13 geezerhood GirlsGrowth in height continues, but a slower pace (adult height reached by 16 or 17 years).Breast development continues. Growth of pubic and under-arm hair. Body shape changes (hips, flump deposits buttocks, legs, stomach). Periods become regular. Pregnancy becomes possible. 10 YEARS TO 14 YEARS Social, Emotional andBehavioural Development Communication andIntellectual Development Physical Development(gross and fine motor). 13 Years (continued)Evidence of teen rebellion. Early risk taking behaviour could increase in difficulty and occur with other risky behaviours. Eager to put forward their independence. Negative and positive peer pressure friends classmates.Three possible major health problems include eating disorders depression substance abuse. 13 Years (continued)BoysRapid growth in height and weight. Muscles fill out aptitude increases. Pubic and under arm hair appears and thickensBody hair increases. Voice deepens. Penis, scrotum and testes enlarge. ejaculation and nocturnal emissions occur. Boys and GirlsAlways hungry. Sleep patterns alter dramatically. Oily skin and acne may occur). Sweating increases. Rapid growth causes clumsiness and lack of coordination. Sexual desires and fantasies increase. 14 YEARS TO 19 YEARSSocial, Emotional andBehavioural Development Communication andIntellectual Developmen t Physical Development(gross and fine motor). 14 YearsUncertain, unhappy and sensitive. Withdrawn spends time just needs privacy. Can be neurotic (convinced that everyone is watching and judging). Low self-assertion very concerned with body image and appearance (physical sexual). May lower to sociable with adults. Self-involved (may have high expectations and low self-concept). 15 YearsGenerally belatedly going happy. Recognises own strengths and weaknesses. Is critical of others, specially parents. Likes to be busy with extramarital activities. Large and varied social circle friends of both sexes. Anxious to be liked and accepted. Strong interest in opposite sex. Can be quarrelsome and wont communicate. Desires independence from familyRelationships with siblings better than with parents. May have one or two best friends. Dating and romantic relationships may be commonplace. 14 YEARS TO 19 YEARS Social, Emotional andBehavioural Development Communication andIntellectual De velopment Physical Development(gross and fine motor). 16+ YearsRelationship with family becomes easier more caring. Self-assured with sense of self. Views parents as people, not the bosses. Friendships are very important both sexes shared interests. Intense romantic relationships. May have anxiety over school and test scores. Interest in school increases or decreases. Seeks privacy and time alone. May complain that parents prevent independence. Starts to integrate both physical and emotional companionship into relationships. Is increasingly aware of social behaviours of friends. Seeks friends that share similar beliefs values interests.Friends become more important. Starts to have more intellectual interests. Egocentrism develops in some teenager. 16+ YearsBecomes better able to set goals and think in wrong of the future. Has a better understanding of complex interrelationships of problems and issues. Starts to develop moral ideals and to take aim role models. Cognitive maturit y developsComponential intelligence ability to use inborn information-processing strategies in problem solving,Metacognition awareness of ones cognitive processes (vital in problem solving). experiential intelligence able to transfer learning effectively to new skills. contextual intelligence ability to apply intelligence in a pragmatic context. Tacit knowledge savvy or street wise (to work the system to ones advantage). 16+ YearsGirlsMost have completed the physical changes link up to puberty by 15 years. BoysStill maturingGaining strength and muscle jam height. Completing development of sexual traits. The brain is fully developed by 19+ years.